Colony collapse disorder (CCD) is a mysterious disappearance of honey bees that has
beset beekeepers in the United States since late 2006. Pathogens and other environmental …

Background Over the last two winters, there have been large-scale, unexplained losses of
managed honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies in the United States. In the absence of a …

Honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies continue to experience high annual losses that remain
poorly explained. Numerous interacting factors have been linked to colony declines …

Abstract Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD), a special case of collapse of honey bee colonies,
has resulted in significant losses for beekeepers. CCD-colonies show abundance of …

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Recent losses in honey bee colonies are unusual in their severity, geographical distribution,
and, in some cases, failure to present recognized characteristics of known disease …

The biology and health of the honey bee Apis mellifera has been of interest to human
societies for centuries. Research on honey bee health is surging, in part due to new tools …

Colony collapse disorder (CCD) is a condition of honey bees, which has contributed in part
to the recent major losses of honey bee colonies in the USA. Here we report the first CCD …

In colony collapse disorder (CCD), honey bee colonies inexplicably lose their workers. CCD
has resulted in a loss of 50 to 90% of colonies in beekeeping operations across the United …

In 2005, beekeepers in the United States began observing a mysterious and disturbing
phenomenon: once-healthy colonies of bees were suddenly collapsing, leaving behind …