Nucleus accumbens dopamine (DA) is a critical component of the brain circuitry regulating
work output in reinforcement-seeking behavior and effort-related choice behavior. Moreover …

Rationale Nucleus accumbens dopamine (DA) participates in the modulation of instrumental
behavior, including aspects of behavioral activation and effort-related choice behavior. Rats …

Nucleus accumbens dopamine (DA) is involved in effort-related aspects of food motivation.
Accumbens DA depletions reduce the tendency of rats to work for food, and alter effort …

Adenosine and dopamine receptors in striatal areas interact to regulate a number of different
functions, including aspects of motor control and motivation. Recent studies indicate that …

For many years, it has been suggested that drugs that interfere with dopamine (DA)
transmission alter the “rewarding” impact of primary reinforcers such as food. Research and …

Mesolimbic dopamine (DA) is a critical component of the brain circuitry regulating behavioral
activation and effort-related processes. Although nucleus accumbens (NAc) DA depletions …

Goal-directed actions are sensitive to work-related response costs, and dopamine in
nucleus accumbens is thought to modulate the exertion of effort in motivated behavior …

Rationale Brain dopamine (DA) participates in the modulation of instrumental behavior,
including aspects of behavioral activation and effort-related choice behavior. Rats with …

Mesolimbic dopamine (DA) is a critical component of the brain circuitry regulating behavioral
activation and effort-related processes. Rats with impaired DA transmission reallocate their …

Rationale Organisms frequently make effort-related decisions based upon assessments of
motivational value and response costs. Energy-related dysfunctions such as psychomotor …