Sulfur mustard toxicity: history, chemistry, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics

K Ghabili, PS Agutter, M Ghanei, K Ansarin… - Critical reviews in …, 2011 - Taylor & Francis
Sulfur mustard (SM) and similar bifunctional agents have been used as chemical weapons
for almost 100 years. Victims of high-dose exposure, both combatants and civilians, may die …

[HTML][HTML] Sulfur mustard research—strategies for the development of improved medical therapy

K Kehe, F Balszuweit, J Emmler, H Kreppel, M Jochum… - Eplasty, 2008 - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Objective: Sulfur mustard (SM) is a bifunctional alkylating substance being used as chemical
warfare agent (vesicant). It is still regarded as a significant threat in chemical warfare and …

The clinical toxicology of sulfur mustard

A RAEISSI, KM TAJIK, M AZARI, SA ASADI… - 2005 - sid.ir
Sulfur mustard (SM) or mustard gas is one of the most important agents of chemical warfare
due to its simple and cheap chemical synthesis that makes it readily available for both …

The pharmacology, toxicology, and medical treatment of sulphur mustard poisoning

M Balali‐Mood, M Hefazi - Fundamental & clinical …, 2005 - Wiley Online Library
Sulphur mustard (SM) is regarded as one of the most important agents of chemical warfare
because of its simple and cheap chemical synthesis that makes it readily available for both …

Medical documentation, bioanalytical evidence of an accidental human exposure to sulfur mustard and general therapy recommendations

D Steinritz, E Striepling, KD Rudolf, C Schröder-Kraft… - Toxicology letters, 2016 - Elsevier
Sulfur mustard (SM) is a chemical warfare agent (CWA) that was first used in World War I
and in several military conflicts afterwards. The threat by SM is still present even today due …

Medical defense against mustard gas: toxic mechanisms and pharmacological implications

AJ Feister - 1991 - books.google.com
This book provides a comprehensive review and analysis of the acute toxic effects of sulfur
mustard (mustard gas); the injuries that this compound produces in skin, eye, airway, and …

Historical perspective on effects and treatment of sulfur mustard injuries

JS Graham, BA Schoneboom - Chemico-biological interactions, 2013 - Elsevier
Abstract Sulfur mustard (2, 2′-dichlorodiethyl sulfide; SM) is a potent vesicating chemical
warfare agent that poses a continuing threat to both military and civilian populations …

Toxicology and pharmacology of the chemical warfare agent sulfur mustard.

JC Dacre, M Goldman - Pharmacological reviews, 1996 - ASPET
There have been reports of chemical attacks in which sulfur mustard might have been used
(a) on Iranian soldiers and civilians during the Gulf War in 1984 and 1985 and (b) in an Iraqi …

Comparison of early and late toxic effects of sulfur mustard in Iranian veterans

M Balali‐Mood, M Hefazi - Basic & clinical pharmacology & …, 2006 - Wiley Online Library
Sulfur mustard is an alkylating agent that reacts with ocular, respiratory, cutaneous, and
bone marrow tissues, resulting in early and late toxic effects. We compare these effects …

Acute effects of sulfur mustard injury—Munich experiences

K Kehe, H Thiermann, F Balszuweit, F Eyer, D Steinritz… - Toxicology, 2009 - Elsevier
Sulfur mustard (SM) is a strong vesicant agent which has been used in several military
conflicts. Large stockpiles still exist to the present day. SM is believed to be a major threat to …