Conventional human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), reprogrammed from somatic
cells by induced expression of Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc, are phenotypically different from …

Pluripotency is maintained by a complex system that includes the genetic and epigenetic
levels. Recent studies have shown that the genetic level (transcription factors, signal …

Inactivation of one X chromosome in female mammals (XX) compensates for the reduced
dosage of X-linked gene expression in males (XY). However, the inner cell mass (ICM) of …

X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) is a complex epigenetic process that ensures that most X-
linked genes are expressed equally for both sexes. Female eutherian mammals inactivate …

Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be divided into a leukemia inhibitory
factor (LIF)-dependent naïve type and a basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-dependent …

Stem cells have been considered for their potential in pharmaceutical research, as well as
for stem cell-based therapy for many diseases. Despite the potential for their use, the …

Contents Chimeric animals generated from livestock‐induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)
have opened the door of opportunity to genetically manipulate species for the production of …

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by
impairment in reciprocal social interaction and communication, as well as the manifestation …

X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) is an important mechanism employed by mammalian XX
female cells to level X-linked gene expression with that of male XY cells. XCI occurs early in …

Human embryonic stem cells maintained on human amniotic epithelial cells (hESCshAEC)
are better preserved in an undifferentiated state and express pluripotency genes Oct4 …