abstract Fungi are among the most degradative organisms inducing biodeterioration of
paper-based items of cultural heritage. Appropriate conservation measures and restoration …

Fungi are among the most degradative organisms inducing biodeterioration of paper-based
items of cultural heritage. Appropriate conservation measures and restoration treatments to …

Archives and libraries all over the world suffer from biodeterioration of writings caused by
microorganisms, especially fungi. With traditionally used culture-dependent methods, only a …

Paper biodeterioration by fungi has always been a concern in archives, libraries and
museums. Several guidelines have been published regarding the prevention of fungal …

Paper is subjected to numerous biodeterioration processes, which may cause the
irreversible degradation of important documents and works of art. Many chemical and …

Since its invention, paper has become one of the main carriers of our cultural, scientific,
political, economic and historical information. Given the importance of this material, its …

Fungi and bacteria develop on historic paper-based items containing more than 8–10%
water. The collections undergo attacks of microorganisms as a result of water system …

After initial tests carried out on 20 stained paper samples from different centuries, we have
devised a non-destructive method for taking samples from foxed areas of ancient maps. The …

Biodeterioration by fungi is a serious problem and is responsible for severe chemical and
physical damage on virtually all supports used to create cultural heritage. The defacing and …

Microbiological agents, such as bacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi, degrade cellulose. The
most severe deterioration in indoor environments is primarily caused by cellulolytic fungi …