Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) requires the exclusion of other possible diagnoses. For
this reason, the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) should be routinely analysed in patients with a first …

The laboratory evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has been routinely employed as a
diagnostic test in the diagnosis of neuroimmunological disorders such as multiple sclerosis …

In patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) intensive efforts are directed at identifying biomarkers
in bodily fluids related to underlying disease mechanisms, disease activity and progression …

Investigation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the diagnostic work-up in suspected multiple
sclerosis (MS) patients has regained attention in the latest version of the diagnostic criteria …

Introduction: Intrathecal B-lymphocyte activation is a hallmark of multiple sclerosis (MS), a
multi-factorial inflammatory-demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Such …

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is the body fluid closest to the pathology of multiple sclerosis (MS).
For many candidate biomarkers CSF is the only fluid that can be investigated. Several …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous
system (CNS) with brain neurodegeneration. MS patients present heterogeneous clinical …

New criteria for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) were published as the result of an
internationally formed committee. To increase the specificity of diagnosis and to minimize …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system,
usually occurring in young adults and leading to disability. Despite the progress in …

Two or more oligoclonal IgG bands (OB) detected by separation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
proteins while not demonstrable in corresponding serum reflect a local B-cell response …