This chapter assesses the scientific literature produced after the Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change (IPCC) 5th Assessment Report (AR5) dealing with past, current and future …

Executive summary Increases in global mean surface temperature are projected to result in
continued permafrost degradation and coastal degradation (high confidence), increased …

Global Mean Surface Temperature (GMST) anomalies as provided by the dataset producers
are given normalized relative to a 1961–1990 climatology from the latest version (as at 15 …

Executive summary The current food system (production, transport, processing, packaging,
storage, retail, consumption, loss and waste) feeds the great majority of world population …

The cryosphere (including, snow, glaciers, permafrost, lake and river ice) is an integral
element of high mountain regions, which are home to roughly 10% of the global population …

Chapter 2, building on prior assessments1, provides a global assessment of the observed
impacts and projected risks of climate change to terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems …

Chapter 2, building on prior assessments1, provides a global assessment of the observed
impacts and projected risks of climate change to terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems …

Addressing the impacts and risks associated with observed and projected climate change
(Chapter 16) is fundamentally and intricately tied to the decision-making options available to …

Global net anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during the last decade (2010–
2019) were higher than at any previous time in human history (high confidence). Since …

Chapter 2, building on prior assessments1, provides a global assessment of the observed
impacts and projected risks of climate change to terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems …