The main cause of this disease is considered to be smoking or exposure to other gases and
harmful particles that cause an inflammatory reaction in the airways and lung parenchyma …

The comorbidities of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) consist of all the
alterations and disorders associated, for one reason or another, with this disease. These …

The publication of the Spanish guideline for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease–COPD–
(GesEPOC) has brought about a change in the approach to the treatment of this disease …

Introduction EPOCONSUL is the first national audit to analyze medical care for COPD in
pulmonology departments in Spain. The main objective was to perform a retrospective …

The clinical presentation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) varies widely, so
treatment must be tailored according to the level of risk and phenotype. In 2012, the Spanish …

The clinical presentation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) varies widely, so
treatment must be tailored according to the level of risk and phenotype. In 2012, the Spanish …

Abstract The Spanish COPD Guidelines (GesEPOC) were first published in 2012, and since
then have undergone a series of updates incorporating new evidence on the diagnosis and …

COPD is a major public health problem because of its high prevalence (about 10% of the
adult population), rising incidence (likely related to the ageing of the population), associated …

Method The process included a PubMed search using search fields established by the
GOLD Scientific Committee: 1) COPD OR chronic bronchitis OR emphysema, All Fields, All …

Recognizing the clinical heterogeneity of COPD suggests a specific therapeutic approach
directed by the so-called clinical phenotypes of the disease. The Spanish COPD Guidelines …