Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDK1–4) are mitochondrial metabolic regulators that
serve as decision makers via modulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity to …

Curcumin is a major component of turmeric and reportedly has anti-inflammatory and anti-
oxidant effects. Neuroinflammation has been recognized to play an important role in the …

Pain signaling in vertebrates is modulated by neuropeptides like Substance P (SP). To
determine whether such modulation is conserved and potentially uncover novel interactions …

Background/Objective Between attacks, migraine is associated with hypersensitivities to
sensory stimuli. The objective of this study was to investigate hypersensitivity to pain in …

Trigeminal nerves in meninges are implicated in generation of nociceptive firing underlying
migraine pain. However, the neurochemical mechanisms of nociceptive firing in meningeal …

Solid cancers and hematologic cancers frequently colonize bone and induce skeletal-
related complications. Bone pain is one of the most common complications associated with …

Devices, systems and methods are provided for simultaneously stimulating the spinal
anatomy at various locations, such as spinal levels, along the spinal cord. By stimulating …

Background. A strong ongoing intraoperative stress response can cause serious adverse
reactions and affect the postoperative outcome. This study evaluated the effect of …

Background Pain occurs in 50% of patients with cancer at the time of diagnosis, and nearly
80% of patients with advanced stage cancer have moderate to severe pain. Assessment of …

Although it is well known that there is a high degree of comorbidity between chronic pain
and mood and anxiety disorders, the mechanisms involved in these co-occurrences are not …