Coronaviruses are a large group of enveloped, single-stranded positive-sense RNA viruses
that infect a wide range of avian and mammalian species, including humans. The …

Coronaviruses are enveloped RNA viruses that infect mammals and birds. Infection of
humans with globally circulating human coronaviruses is associated with the common cold …

Cell entry by coronaviruses involves two principal steps, receptor binding and membrane
fusion; the latter requires activation by host proteases, particularly lysosomal proteases …

Coronavirus-cell entry programs involve virus-cell membrane fusions mediated by viral
spike (S) proteins. Coronavirus S proteins acquire membrane fusion competence by …

Spike (S) proteins, the defining projections of the enveloped coronaviruses (CoVs), mediate
cell entry by connecting viruses to plasma membrane receptors and by catalyzing …

Coronaviruses are enveloped positive-stranded RNA viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm.
To deliver their nucleocapsid into the host cell, they rely on the fusion of their envelope with …

The coronavirus spike protein is a multifunctional molecular machine that mediates
coronavirus entry into host cells. It first binds to a receptor on the host cell surface through its …

Coronaviruses (CoVs) have a remarkable potential to change tropism. This is particularly
illustrated over the last 15 years by the emergence of two zoonotic CoVs, the severe acute …

Both severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East
respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) are zoonotic pathogens that crossed the …

The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) pandemic revealed that zoonotic
transmission of animal coronaviruses (CoV) to humans poses a significant threat to public …