Background Both short-and long-term exposures to fine particulate matter (≤ 2.5 μm; PM2.
5) are associated with mortality. However, whether the associations exist at levels below the …

Background: Many studies have reported associations between ambient particulate matter
(PM) and adverse health effects, focused on either short-term (acute) or long-term (chronic) …

Background: Many studies have reported the associations between long-term exposure to
PM2. 5 and increased risk of death. However, to our knowledge, none has used a causal …

Background Long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (≤ 2.5 μg/m 3 in
aerodynamic diameter; PM 2.5) is significantly associated with increased risk of premature …

While fine mode particulate matter (PM 2.5) forms the basis for regulating particles in the US
and other countries, there is a serious paucity of large population-based studies of its acute …

Background The concentration-response relationship between mortality and long-term
exposure to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) has not been fully elucidated, especially at high …

As new scientific evidence on health effects of air pollution is generated, air quality
guidelines need to be periodically updated. The objective of this review is to support the …

Many epidemiologic studies provide evidence of an association between daily counts of
mortality and ambient particulate matter< 10 μm in diameter (PM10). Relatively few studies …

Most PM2. 5-associated mortality studies are not conducted in rural areas where mortality
rates may differ when population characteristics, health care access, and PM2. 5 …

Introduction Information on the relationship between levels of particulate matter (PM) smaller
than 2.5 μm and mortality rates in Europe is relatively sparse because of limited availability …