We examined development of endothermy in altricial Red-winged Blackbirds (Agelaius
phoeniceus) by measuring oxygen consumption (̇ V o _ 2)(V˙ o 2), body temperature and …

Young of the altricial red-winged blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus) undergo dramatic
changes during postnatal development. Neonates of this species are small (approximately …

We investigated the development of thyroid function during the transition to endothermy in
red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus). Thermoregulatory capabilities of blackbirds …

Endothermy is a conspicuous and important adaptation in birds. Even though juvenile and
adult birds are endothermic and maintain a constant, high body temperature by means of …

Attaining endothermic homeothermy occurs at different times post-hatching in birds and is
associated with maturation of metabolic and aerobic capacity. Simultaneous measurements …

The ontogeny of shivering thermogenesis was investigated in the altricial red-winged
blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus). Two indices of heat production–the rate of oxygen …

Thyroid hormones are key regulators of development and metabolism in vertebrates. During
the nestling period, young of altricial species transition from an ectothermic phenotype to an …

Precocial birds begin embryonic life with an ectothermic metabolic phenotype and rapidly
develop an endothermic phenotype after hatching. Switching to a high-energy, endothermic …

The energy allocation hypothesis predicts that increased maintenance costs and use of
thermogenic tissues accompanying the development of endothermy in altricial birds reduce …

Body temperature (T b) regulation, which is an exclusive characteristic of endothermic birds
and mammals, allows for the adaptation of processes and survival under varied …