Context: Circulating cells, including endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and monocyte
subtypes, are involved in diabetic complications. Modulation of these cells may mediate …

Abstract Background Endothelial Progenitor cells (EPCs) has been shown to be
dysfunctional in both type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) …

OBJECTIVE Vasculoprotective endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are regulated by stromal-
derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) and are reduced in type 2 diabetes. Because SDF-1α is a …

Context: Inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) is a potent strategy to increase glucose-
dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP-1) induced insulin …

Background Fewer circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and increased plasma (C-
term) stromal cell-derived factor 1α (SDF-1α), a substrate of DPP-4, are biomarkers, and …

Introduction: DPP-4 inhibitors have pleomorphic effects that extend beyond the anti-
hyperglycemic labeled use of the drug. DPP-4 inhibitors have demonstrated promising renal …

Background Studies of dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-4 inhibitors report heterogeneous effects
on endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study assessed the …

Multiple population based analyses have demonstrated a high incidence of cardiovascular
disease (CVD) and cardiovascular (CV) mortality in subjects with T2DM that reduces life …

Context: The dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, linagliptin, possesses pleiotropic vasodilatory,
antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties in animals, independent of its glucose …

Background Recently, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-based therapy, including dipeptidyl
peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists, has emerged as one of the …