Background Depressive symptoms have been associated with increased risk of cognitive
decline in later life. There are no interventions proven to reduce risk of cognitive decline in …

Background The course of depression is variable; however, few studies examined the
relationship between long-term cumulative depressive symptoms and adverse health …

BackgroundCross-sectional surveys of older people commonly find associations between
higher levels of depressive symptoms and poorer cognitive performance, but the direction of …

Objectives The impact of depressive symptoms on cognitive decline in older adults remains
unclear due to inconsistent findings in the literature. It is also unclear whether effects of …

BackgroundDepressive symptoms are associated with cognitive decline in elderly people,
but the nature of their temporal relationship remains equivocal. AimsTo test whether …

Background Depression is considered a risk factor for cognitive decline. The long-term
impact of depressive symptoms on cognitive performance has not been established thus far …

BackgroundLittle is known about the effect of persistent depressive symptoms on the
trajectory of cognitive decline. AimsWe aimed to investigate the longitudinal association …

Background Depression is an established risk factor for dementia in later life, but it is unclear
if this relationship is causal. This study aimed to determine if clinically significant depressive …

Background the course of depression is variable, but it is unknown how this variability over
time affects long-term cognitive decline. Objective to examine the relationship of different …

Objective To evaluate the temporal association between depression symptoms and
cognitive function in older adults over a 4-year period. Methods Using a longitudinal, cross …