Background Short-term exposure to major air pollutants (O3, CO, NO2, SO2, PM10, and
PM2. 5) has been associated with respiratory risk. However, evidence on the risk of chronic …

Rationale: Exacerbations are key events in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD),
affecting lung function decline and quality of life. The effect of exposure to different air …

Background Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) contribute
greatly to increased morbidity, mortality and diminished quality of life. Recent studies report …

Abstract Purpose of Review The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) is increasing worldwide with no known cure and an increasing number of triggers …

Background: It is well known that air pollution causes respiratory morbidity and mortality by
inducing airway inflammation. However, whether long-term exposure to air pollution is …

Background Epidemiological studies have shown an increase in morbidity and mortality
rates in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) following exposure to …

There is considerable epidemiological evidence indicating that air pollution has adverse
effects on human health and is closely related to respiratory diseases, including chronic …

Background The association between short-term exposure to air pollution and morbidity of
COPD and asthma has been observed in many studies. However, there is a lack of …

The role of air pollution in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains uncertain.
The aim was to assess the impact of chronic exposure to air pollution on COPD in four …

Air pollution as a trigger for exacerbations of COPD has been recognized for> 50 years, and
has led to the development of air quality standards in many countries that substantially …