One of the most closely examined constructs in the instructional communication research
area, instructor immediacy consists of both verbal and nonverbal expressions that elicit …

This chapter presents an overview of the immediacy construct, highlights the origins of the
research program, and details contemporary research for understanding significant …

Immediacy behaviors consist of verbal and nonverbal symbolic cues that reduce physical
and psychological distance between communicators. For nearly two decades …

Current research on immediacy (verbal and nonverbal) in the college classroom has
focused on how its presence or absence impacts instructional outcomes (for instance …

Instructional communication behaviors have been routinely associated with student learning
outcomes for the past 40 years; however, the explanations for why these relationships exist …

Social psychologist Albert Mehrabian conceptualized immediacy as communication
behaviors that “enhance closeness to and nonverbal interaction with another”(Mehrabian …

Teacher immediacy is the term used to describe communication behaviors that reduce the
perceived distance between teacher and students. By definition, immediacy behaviors …

This study examined the discriminant validity between rapport and immediacy and tested a
model using instructor rapport as the mediator between immediacy and learning …

The very strong association of immediacy with positive instructional outcomes has led some
to question whether teacher immediacy amounts to anything more than being responsive …

This study examined the relationship between college student perceptions of teacher
immediacy and student ratings of instruction. Two hundred sixty‐six students responded to …