Background Previous studies suggest that periconceptional maternal occupational exposure
to solvents and pesticides increase the risk of oral clefts in the offspring. Less is known about …

Nonsyndromic orofacial clefts are common birth defects. Reported risks for orofacial clefts
associated with parental occupational pesticide exposure are mixed. To examine the role of …

Objectives This study investigated the role of maternal exposures at work during pregnancy
in the occurrence of oral clefts. Methods The occupational exposures of 851 women (100 …

Objective: The risk of orofacial clefts associated with pesticide exposure was examined by
conducting a meta-analysis of studies published from 1966 through 2005. Design: The full …

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between cleft lip and/or palate and nongenetic
factors in Greece. METHODS: We designed a case-control study including 35 patients with …

Objectives: To examine the association between maternal occupational exposure to
mixtures of organic solvents during pregnancy and the risk of non-syndromic oral clefts …

Background Cigarette smoking is a well‐studied risk factor for orofacial clefts (OFCs). Little is
known about which constituents in cigarette smoke contribute to this teratogenicity in …

Objectives Though toxicological experiments demonstrate the teratogenicity of organic
solvents in animal models, epidemiologic studies have reported inconsistent results. Using …

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND There is evidence from previous studies that maternal
occupational exposure to hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) is positively associated with oral …

We explored the relation between various potential sources of maternal periconceptional
pregnancy exposures to pesticides and congenital anomalies in offspring. Data were …