Retinoic acid (RA), an active metabolite of vitamin A, has shown potential therapeutic
immunomodulatory properties. Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-based therapy …

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a great potential for treating equine musculoskeletal
injuries. Although their mechanisms of action are not completely known, their …

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the therapeutic potential to treat a variety of
inflammatory and degenerative disease processes, however the effects of the tissue …

The immunomodulatory properties of equine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are important
for their therapeutic potential and for their facilitating role in their escape from immune …

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are increasingly explored for the treatment of
degenerative and inflammatory diseases in human and veterinary medicine. One of the key …

One hallmark of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is the ability to differentiate into multiple
tissue types which assists in tissue regeneration. Another hallmark of MSCs is their potent …

Introduction Autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an attractive concept in
regenerative medicine, but their mechanism of action remains poorly defined. No immune …

The effectiveness and safety of allogeneic mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) can be
affected by patient's immune recognition. Thus, MSC immunogenicity and their …

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow (BM), adipose tissue (AT),
umbilical cord blood (CB), and umbilical cord tissue (CT) are increasingly being used to treat …

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are being investigated for the treatment of equine joint
diseases because of their regenerative potential. Recently, the focus mainly has addressed …