Central corneal thickness (CCT) is a highly heritable trait associated with complex eye
diseases such as keratoconus and glaucoma. We perform a genome-wide association meta …

The role of basal suppression of the sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathway and its interaction with
Indian hedgehog (Ihh) signaling during limb/skeletal morphogenesis is not well understood …

The high cardiovascular mortality associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is caused in
part by the CKD-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) syndrome. The CKD-MBD consists of …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common, multifactorial and polygenic skeletal disease that, in its
severest form, requires joint replacement surgery to restore mobility and to relieve chronic …

The craniofacial complex is composed of fundamental components such as blood vessels
and nerves, and also a variety of specialized tissues such as craniofacial bones, cartilages …

Background Despite the remarkable advances in the early diagnosis and treatment, overall
5-year survival rate of patients with pancreatic cancer is less than 10%. Gemcitabine (GEM) …

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has been associated with deterioration of bone
microarchitecture and strength, resulting in increased fracture risk. Substantial studies have …

Transforming growth factor‐beta1 (TGF‐β1), a highly abundant growth factor in skeletal
tissues, stimulates matrix metalloproteinase‐13 (MMP‐13) expression in osteoblastic cells …

Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have been instrumental in understanding
complex phenotypic traits. However, they have rarely been used to understand lineage …

Currently, the most effective therapy for liver diseases is liver transplantation, but its use is
limited by organ donor shortage, economic reasons, and the requirement for lifelong …