Vertebrate stress responses are highly adaptive biological functions, maximizing survival
probability in life-threatening situations. However, experiencing repeated and/or chronic …

Stress contributes to the development of chronic degenerative diseases in primates.
Allostatic load is an estimate of stress-induced physiological dysregulation based on an …

Stressors over the lifespan can contribute to physiological dysregulation, or allostatic load.
Allostatic load has been studied in humans using allostatic load indices (ALIs) for over 25 …

Disrupted rearing history is a psychological and physical stressor for nonhuman primates,
potentially resulting in multiple behavioral and physiological changes. As a chronic, soma …

Animal welfare, conservation, and stress assessment are all critical components of species
survival. As organisms experience stressors, they accumulate physiologic dysregulation …

Allostatic load, or the physiological dysregulation accumulated due to senescence and
stress, is an established predictor of human morbidity and mortality and has been proposed …

Allostatic load is the wear-and-tear organisms accumulate due to senescence and stress; it
is measured by combining biomarkers from multiple somatic systems into allostatic load …

Simple Summary Our ability to measure and understand chronic stress in animals is limited
by animals' inability to communicate to us their perception of stressors. Researchers have …

For giraffes, few standardized methods exist for quantifying chronic stress. Allostatic load
index is quantified from a panel of multi-system stress biomarkers to estimate cumulative …

Principles of allostasis and allostatic load have been widely applied in human research to
assess the impacts of chronic stress on physiological dysregulation. Over the last few …