This review examines the conduct and reporting of observational studies using propensity
score–based methods to compare coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), percutaneous …

A recent study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, highlights the challenges
involved in attempting to balance treatment groups in observational studies to approximate …

Observational studies using propensity-score methods have been increasing in the
cardiovascular literature because randomized controlled trials are not always feasible or …

as a balancing score5 to “balance” the distribution of the covariates in the treated and
control groups. Matching, stratification, or regression (covariance) adjustment with the …

Propensity scores (PS) are an increasingly popular method to adjust for confounding in
observational studies. Propensity score methods have theoretical advantages over …

The paper by Elze et al.(1) is an important investigation analyzing the application of different
propensity score (PS) methods compared with covariate adjustment to estimate treatment …

Objectives To increase transparency in studies reporting propensity scores by using
graphical methods that clearly illustrate (1) the number of participant exclusions that occur …

Evaluating the effectiveness of a therapeutic intervention is ideally carried out in the setting
of a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Patients are randomly allocated to the experimental …

Background In intervention trials, only randomization guarantees equal distributions of all
known and unknown patient characteristics between an intervention group and a control …

OBJECTIVE: Propensity score (PS) analyses attempt to control for confounding in
nonexperimental studies by adjusting for the likelihood that a given patient is exposed. Such …