Background Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are the most common congenital
malformations. The aetiology of CHDs is complex. Large cohort studies and systematic …

Objective: Obesity is a risk factor for congenital heart defects (CHDs), but whether risk is
independent of abnormal glucose metabolism remains unknown. Data on whether …

Importance Maternal diabetes and overweight or obesity are known to be associated with
increased risk of congenital heart defects (CHDs) in offspring, but there are no large studies …

Purpose To review and summarize the epidemiologic evidence on the association of
maternal Body Mass Index (BMI) with risk of congenital heart defects (CHDs) and to assess …

Objective Inconsistent findings of associations between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)
and birth defects suggest unaccounted confounders may underlie the actual basis for such …

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common anatomical malformation occurring live‐
born infants and an increasing cause of morbidity and mortality across the lifespan and …

Background: Congenital heart defects are more frequent in offspring of mothers with
overweight or obesity. However, associations between maternal overweight and obesity …

Abstract Aims/Introduction We aimed to explore whether the association between obesity
and congenital heart defects (CHDs) can be mediated by maternal pregestational diabetes …

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between maternal body mass index
and all congenital heart defects (CHDs) combined and 11 individual defects. PubMed …

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between fetal
development of congenital heart defects (CHD) and maternal prepregnancy body mass …