Within populations, some individuals tend to exhibit a bold or shy social behavior phenotype
relative to the mean. The neural underpinnings of these differing phenotypes–also …

Across species, individuals within a population differ in their level of boldness in social
encounters with conspecifics. This boldness phenotype is often stable across both time and …

Social interactions include a variety of stimulating but challenging factors that are the basis
for strategies that allow individuals to cope with novel or familiar stressful situations …

Animals have evolved flexible strategies that allow them to evaluate and respond to their
social environment by integrating the salience of external stimuli with internal physiological …

Highlights•Integrative study of animal behavior can both shift and re-enforce
paradigms.•Social behavior lends itself well to such an integrative approach.•We emphasize …

Animals do not behave in exactly the same way when repeatedly tested in the same context
or situation, even once systematic variation, such as habituation, has been controlled for …

In the evolutionary transition from solitary to group living, it should be adaptive for animals to
respond to the environment and choose when to socialize to reduce conflict and maximize …

Wild animals show consistent individual variation in behavior across time and/or contexts,
now referred to as animal personality. While this variability may have important ecological …

Social behaviors, such as mating, fighting, and parenting, are fundamental for survival of any
vertebrate species. All members of a species express social behaviors in a stereotypical and …

Increasingly, individual variation in personality has become a focus of behavioral research
in animal systems. Boldness and shyness, often quantified as the tendency to explore novel …