Ophthalmic epidemiology is concerned with the prevalence, distribution and other factors
relating to human eye disease. While observational studies cannot avoid confounding …

Background Genetic and lifestyle factors have considerable effects on obesity and related
diseases, yet their effects in a clinical cohort are unknown. This study in a patient biobank …

Abnormal birthweight is associated with increased risk for cardiometabolic diseases in later
life. Although the placenta is critical to fetal development and later life health, it has not been …

In our modern society, where highly palatable and calorie-rich foods are readily available,
and sedentary lifestyle is common among children and adolescents, we face the pandemic …

South Asian women are at increased risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Few studies have investigated the genetic contributions to GDM risk. We investigated the …

Despite a lifetime prevalence of at least 5%, developmental stuttering, characterized by
prolongations, blocks, and repetitions of speech sounds, remains a largely idiopathic …

Background Increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress are
known to play a key role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D); however, the …

Aims/hypothesis Type 2 diabetes is a growing global public health challenge. Investigating
quantitative traits, including fasting glucose, fasting insulin and HbA1c, that serve as early …

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
(NAFLD) usually co-exist clinically. However, whether such association is causal is still …

The hallmark event of the canonical transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) family signaling is
the assembly of the Smad-complex, consisting of the common Smad, Smad4, and …