Cholinergic projection neurons in the medial septum and diagonal band of Broca are the
major source of cholinergic modulation of hippocampal circuit functions that support neural …

The olfactory bulb (OB), the first relay for odor processing in the brain, receives dense
GABAergic and cholinergic long-range projections from basal forebrain (BF) nuclei that …

Task demands can differentially engage two fundamental attention components: selectivity
(spatial bias) and effort (total nonselective attentional intensity). The relative contributions …

Visual discrimination improves with training, a phenomenon that is thought to reflect plastic
changes in the responses of neurons in primary visual cortex (V1). However, the identity of …

Correlated activity fluctuations in the neocortex influence sensory responses and behavior.
Neural correlations reflect anatomical connectivity but also change dynamically with …

Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative condition that is potentially mediated by
synaptic dysfunction before the onset of cognitive impairments. The disease mostly affects …

Pupil size has been established as a versatile marker of noradrenergic and cholinergic
neuromodulation, which has profound effects on neuronal processing, cognition, and …

The ability of an organism to voluntarily control the stimuli onset modulates perceptual and
attentional functions. Since stimulus encoding is an essential component of working memory …

Paying attention to particular aspects of the world or being more vigilant in general can be
interpreted as forms of 'internal'action. Such arousal-related choices come with the benefit of …

Background Cholinergic basal forebrain (BF) plays an important role in sleep-wake
regulation and is implicated in cortical arousal and activation. However, less is known …