Abstract 4D bioprinting is the next-generation additive manufacturing-based fabrication
platform employed to construct intricate, adaptive, and dynamic soft and hard tissue …

Bioactive materials developed through three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology
exhibit static nature and don't respond to the dynamic changes occurred in the human body …

4D printing has emerged as a transformative technology in the field of biomedical
engineering, offering the potential for dynamic, stimuli-responsive structures with …

Abstract 3D bioprinting is an advanced technology combining cells and bioactive molecules
within a single bioscaffold; however, this scaffold cannot change, modify or grow in response …

Most of the biomedical materials printed using 3D bioprinting are static and are unable to
alter/transform with dynamic changes in the internal environment of the body. The …

Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TE&RM) has made continuous
advancements by extending three-dimensional (3D) printing towards the development and …

Additive manufacturing has attracted a lot of attention in fabrication of bio medical devices
and structures in recent years. 4D printing, a new class of 3D printing where time is …

Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies enable not only faster bioconstructs
development but also on-demand and customized manufacturing, offering patients a …

Abstract Four-dimensional (4D) bioprinting, in which the concept of time is integrated with
three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting as the fourth dimension, has currently emerged as the …

Three-dimensional (3D) printing, as one of the most popular recent additive manufacturing
processes, has shown strong potential for the fabrication of biostructures in the field of tissue …