The current evidence suggests that the healthy heart does not sense the optimal cardiac
output (Q̇) because the different organ systems that influence cardiac function do not …

Increased access and ability to visualize the heart has provided a means to measure a
myriad of cardiovascular parameters in real or near real time. However, without fundamental …

Chronic cardiac dysfunction with failure to provide a systemic flow sufficient to meet
metabolic demands induces a complex set of regulatory and anatomical adaptations …

An obvious function of the cardiovascular system is to maintain a continuous circulation of
blood that meets the nutritional needs of the periphery. The primary index of this circulation …

Cardiac muscle is highly organized and bears striking similarities to skeletal muscle in terms
of its basic morphology and function. For instance, both types of muscle are composed of …

The integrated function of the heart and lungs provides for the transfer of O 2 from the
atmosphere, for its delivery to the metabolizing tissues, and for the removal of CO 2. When …

No single well established hypothesis for the mechanisms of heart failure currently exists.
Those definitions that do exist are either not universally applicable or are not exclusive to …

Cardiac function in clinical heart disease is governed by ventricular (1) preload,(2)
contractility,(3) afterload,(4) heart rate, and (5) dyssynergy. The major types of …

TO THE EDITOR: Cardiac efficiency, while pivotal in cardiovascular physiology research,
poses challenges in assessment. A recent paper delving deeply into this topic has raised …

Over the past 15 years, the primary goal of our physiology laboratory has been to improve
the understanding of basic myocardial function in both normal and diseased hearts. Very …