Macrophages play diverse roles in development, homeostasis, and immunity. Accordingly,
the dysfunction of macrophages is involved in the occurrence and progression of various …

Highlights•Macrophage activation is best described by a multi-dimensional model.•Targeting
macrophages specifically requires a multi-modal approach.•Macrophage reprogramming …

Macrophages exist in various tissues, several body cavities, and around mucosal surfaces
and are a vital part of the innate immune system for host defense against many pathogens …

Macrophages, cells belonging to the innate immune system, present a high plasticity grade,
being able to change their phenotype in response to environmental stimuli. They play …

Macrophages exhibit remarkable plasticity and can change their phenotype in response to
different environmental cues. They can become activated to kill intracellular microbes or they …

Macrophages are crucial orchestrators of host defence and tissue homeostasis.
Macrophages are heterogeneous and plastic cells that in response to different …

Highlights•Evidence for macrophage reprogramming in vivo.•Macrophage polarization in
acute and chronic inflammation.•Resident macrophage subpopulations are functionally …

Macrophages are a key component of the innate immune system and play an essential role
in host defense and homeostasis. On the one hand, these cells contribute to host defense by …

Macrophages occupy a prominent position during immune responses. They are considered
the final effectors of any given immune response since they can be activated by a wide …

Macrophages perform critical functions for homeostasis and immune defense in tissues
throughout the body. These innate immune cells are capable of recognizing and clearing …