The last few decades have witnessed unprecedented convergence between humans and
machines that closely operate around the human body. Despite these advances, traditional …

One hundred years ago, Ramón y Cajal, considered by many as the founder of modern
neuroscience, stated that neurons of the adult central nervous system (CNS) are incapable …

Epidural electrical stimulation (EES) targeting the dorsal roots of lumbosacral segments
restores walking in people with spinal cord injury (SCI). However, EES is delivered with …

A spinal cord injury interrupts the communication between the brain and the region of the
spinal cord that produces walking, leading to paralysis,. Here, we restored this …

A spinal cord injury disrupts communication between the brain and the circuits in the spinal
cord that regulate neurological functions. The consequences are permanent paralysis, loss …

The strategies concerning modification of the complex immune pathological inflammatory
environment during acute spinal cord injury remain oversimplified and superficial. Inspired …

To develop wearable and implantable bioelectronics accommodating the dynamic and
uneven biological tissues and reducing undesired immune responses, it is critical to adopt …

Recovery from spinal cord injury (SCI) remains an unsolved problem. As a major component
of the SCI lesion, the glial scar is primarily composed of scar-forming astrocytes and plays a …

Local reconstruction of a permissive environment with biomaterials is a promising strategy to
treat spinal cord injury (SCI). We reported a hybrid hydrogel fabricated from a small …

After spinal cord injury, tissue distal to the lesion contains undamaged cells that could
support or augment recovery. Targeting these cells requires a clearer understanding of their …