Objectives This review highlights both the physicochemical characteristics of the
nanocarriers (NCs) and the physiological features of tumour microenvironment (TME) to …

Rapidly proliferating cancer cells require energy and cellular building blocks for their growth
and ability to maintain redox balance. Many studies have focused on understanding how …

Lactate has been observed to fuel TCA cycle and is associated with cancer progression in
human lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, but the effect of lactate …

Targeting altered tumour metabolism is an emerging therapeutic strategy for cancer
treatment. The metabolic reprogramming that accompanies the development of malignancy …

Most tumor cells show different metabolic pathways than normal cells. Even under the
conditions of sufficient oxygen, they produce energy by a high rate of glycolysis followed by …

The successful treatment of human cancers by immunotherapy has been made possible by
breakthroughs in the discovery of immune checkpoint regulators, including CTLA-4 and PD …

Glutamine metabolism has been proved to be dysregulated in many cancer cells, and is
essential for proliferation of most cancer cells, which makes glutamine an appealing target …

Many transformed cells exhibit altered glucose metabolism and increased utilization of
glutamine for anabolic and bioenergetic processes. These metabolic adaptations, which …

Lung cancer cells are well-documented to rewire their metabolism and energy production
networks to support rapid survival and proliferation. This metabolic reorganization has been …

Targeting glutamine catabolism has been attracting more research attention on the
development of successful cancer therapy. Catalytic enzymes such as glutaminase (GLS) in …