Clinical heterogeneity, unpredictable course and flares are characteristics of systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE). Although SLE is—by and large—a systemic disease, occasionally it …

Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) frequently show symptoms of central
nervous system (CNS) involvement, termed neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE). The CNS …

Objectives To update the EULAR recommendations for the management of systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE) based on emerging new evidence. Methods An international Task …

Our objective was to update the EULAR recommendations for the management of systemic
lupus erythematosus (SLE), based on emerging new evidence. We performed a systematic …

The neuropsychiatric involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) is a challenge
for clinicians, both at a diagnostic and therapeutic level. Although in 1999 the American …

Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) is a generic definition referring to a
series of neurological and psychiatric symptoms directly related to systemic lupus …

Neuropsychiatric (NP) events occur in the majority of patients with SLE and predominantly
affect the CNS in addition to the peripheral and autonomic systems. Approximately 30% of …

The American College of Rheumatology's case definitions for 19 neuropsychiatric
syndromes in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) constitute a comprehensive classification …

Objectives Diagnostic reasoning in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex
process reflecting the probability of disease at a given timepoint against competing …

Objectives Classification criteria are biased towards classifying long-standing disease. We
compared the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR)/American College of …