Neuropathic pain (NeP) can result from sources as varied as nerve compression,
channelopathies, autoimmune disease, and incision. By identifying the neurobiological …

Chronic pain resulting from nerve injury, tissue inflammation, and tumor invasion or
treatment, is a major health problem impacting the quality of life and producing a significant …

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The clinical manifestations of COVID-19 …

Current pain therapeutics offer inadequate relief to patients with chronic pain. A growing
literature supports that pro-inflammatory cytokine signaling between immune, glial, and …

Mood disorders such as depression and anxiety are frequently observed in patients
suffering from chronic pain. Over time, different tests and models have been developed in …

Central nervous system (CNS) injuries do not heal properly in contrast to normal tissue
repair, in which functional recovery typically occurs. The reason for this dichotomy in wound …

Microglia and astrocytes play an important role in the regulation of immune responses under
various pathological conditions. To detect environmental cues associated with the …

Background Complex regional pain syndrome type-I (CRPS-I) causes excruciating pain that
affect patients' life quality. However, the mechanisms underlying CRPS-I are incompletely …

Microglia are the resident immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS). After traumatic
spinal cord injury (SCI), microglia undergo activation, proliferation, and changes in gene and …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease that causes painful
swelling and permanent damage to the joints in the body. The molecular mechanisms of OA …