The resistance of many types of cancer to conventional chemotherapies is a major factor
undermining successful cancer treatment. In this review, the role of a signal transduction …

When PI3K (phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase) is activated by receptor tyrosine kinases, it
phosphorylates PIP2 to generate PIP3 and activates the signaling pathway. Phosphatase …

Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is a known carcinogen participated for the development of skin
cancers. Solar UVR exposure, particularly ultraviolet B (UVB), is the mostly significant …

Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is associated with approximately 65% of melanoma
cases, and 90% of non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC), including basal cell carcinoma …

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is activated by many ligands and belongs to a
family of tyrosine kinase receptors, including ErbB2, ErbB3, and ErbB4. These receptors are …

Apoptosis, differentiation, and proliferation are cellular responses which play a pivotal role in
wound healing. During this process PPARβ translates inflammatory signals into prompt …

Purpose: As an approach to evaluate the expression pattern and status of activation of
signaling pathways in clinical specimens from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma …

Squamous-cell cancer of the head and neck (SCCHN) represents a heterogeneous disease
entity, with various etiological factors implicated in the genesis of distinct molecular subsets …

Endogenous glucocorticoids (GCs) are steroid hormones that signal in virtually all cell types
to modulate tissue homeostasis throughout life. Also, synthetic GC derivatives …

Overexpression of the type II transmembrane serine protease matriptase is a highly
consistent feature of human epithelial tumors. Here we show that matriptase possesses a …