A functional interplay of bottom‐up and top‐down processing allows an individual to
appropriately respond to the dynamic environment around them. These processing …

Cells in the hippocampus tuned to spatial location (place cells) typically change their tuning
when an animal changes context, a phenomenon known as remapping. A fundamental …

Place-specific firing in the hippocampus is determined by path integration-based spatial
representations in the grid-cell network of the medial entorhinal cortex. Output from this …

Although the hippocampus is critical to episodic memory, neuronal representations
supporting this role, especially relating to nonspatial information, remain elusive. Here, we …

The medial entorhinal cortex (mEC) has been identified as a hub for spatial information
processing by the discovery of grid, border, and head-direction cells. Here we find that in …

Memory models often emphasize the need to encode novel patterns of neural activity
imposed by sensory drive. Prior learning and innate architecture likely restrict neural …

The present review considers research on the hippocampus and related areas from humans
and experimental animals and makes three main points. First, many of the anatomical …

Hippocampal neural codes for different, familiar environments are thought to reflect distinct
attractor states, possibly implemented in the recurrent CA3 network. A defining property of …

Normal aging is often accompanied by impairments in forming new memories, and studies
of aging rodents have revealed structural and functional changes to the hippocampus that …

Episodic memory incorporates information about specific events or occasions including
spatial locations and the contextual features of the environment in which the event took …