Objective To systematically identify the main factors contributing to the increase in
pharmaceutical expenditures. Methods A systematic search of published studies was …

In 2019, the Chinese government implemented the first round of the National Centralized
Drug Procurement (NCDP) pilot (so-called “4+ 7” policy) in mainland China, in which 25 …

Background: With the exception of Canada, all countries with universal health insurance
systems provide universal coverage of prescription drugs. Progress toward universal public …

BACKGROUND: Managing expenditures on pharmaceuticals is important for health systems
to sustain universal access to necessary medicines. We sought to estimate the size and …

Background: Prior research indicates that residents of the United States are nearly twice as
likely as Canadian residents to report cost-related nonadherence (CRNA)(ie, being unable …

BACKGROUND:: In Canada and the United States, patients who have difficulty paying for
prescribed medications are less likely to obtain them and may experience increased risks for …

The costs of medicines pose a growing burden on healthcare systems worldwide. A
comprehensive understanding of current procurement processes provides strong support for …

BACKGROUND: Canada's universal health care system does not include universal
coverage of prescription drugs. We sought to estimate the effects of adding universal public …

This paper describes and assesses pharmaceutical pricing and reimbursement policies in
Canada, considering them in the context of the broader policy and market environment in …

While almost two-thirds of all strokes and one-half of all myocardial infarctions could be
prevented if hypertensive individuals had their blood pressures optimally controlled, only a …