I. Executive Summary Background The 5 years since the publication of the first International
Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICAR‐RS) has witnessed …

Contributing Authors Isam Alobid, MD, PhD1, Nithin D. Adappa, MD2, Henry P. Barham,
MD3, Thiago Bezerra, MD4, Nadieska Caballero, MD5, Eugene G. Chang, MD6, Gaurav …

Asthma is a common disease in paediatrics and adults with a significant morbidity, mortality,
and financial burden worldwide. Asthma is now recognized as a heterogeneous disease …

The heterogeneous nature of asthma has been understood for decades, but the precise
categorization of asthma has taken on new clinical importance in the era of specific biologic …

Severe asthma is heterogeneous in its clinical presentation, underlying pathophysiology,
course and response to therapy. Clinical and physiological assessment of severe asthma is …

Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID)-exacerbated respiratory disease (NERD) is
characterized by moderate-to-severe asthma and a higher prevalence of chronic …

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and aspirin-exacerbated respiratory
disease (AERD) are both conditions characterized by the presence of chronic sinonasal …

Objective NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease (NERD) is characterized by exacerbation
of respiratory symptoms after NSAID intake. While research for specific treatment options …

Abstract Exposure to particulate matter< 2.5 μm (PM 2.5) is associated with a variety of
airway diseases. Although studies have demonstrated that high doses of PM 2.5 cause …

Aspirin intolerance is a severe and rare asthmatic endotype, with prevalence rates of 10% in
the adult asthmatic population and up to 25% in patients with severe, persistent asthma. 1–4 …