Sensory nerves that supply mechanoreceptors in the mucosal lining of the oral cavity,
pharynx, and larynx provide the substrate for a variety of sensations. They are essential for …

This monograph offers a comprehensive review of present knowledge of the structure and
connections of the trigeminal nuclei in humans, and compares it to laboratory animal …

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of intramuscular injection with
hypertonic saline, a well-established experimental model for muscle pain, on central …

We propose that separate sensory and hedonic representations exist in each of the primary
structures of the somatosensory system, including brainstem, thalamic and cortical …

Isolated focal dystonia is a neurological disorder that manifests as repetitive involuntary
spasms and/or aberrant postures of the affected body part. Craniocervical dystonia involves …

Projections from physiologically identified jaw‐muscle spindle afferents onto
trigeminothalamic neurons were studied in the rat. Trigeminothalamic neurons were …

Achieving optimal human performance that involves cognitive or physical work requires
quality sleep and a positive mental attitude. The ascending reticular activating system (RAS) …

In the present study, ongoing and evoked activity of antidromically identified trigemino–
thalamic tract (TGT) neurons was examined over the sleep–wake cycle in cats. There was …

Enkephalins are a class of opioid peptides implicated in several physiological and
neuroendocrine responses in vertebrates. In this study, using immunocytochemical or …

Retrograde transport and intra-axonal labeling studies provide convincing evidence that jaw-
muscle spindle afferents project to the caudal medulla by way of Probst's tract. However …