In solid tumours, cancer cells exist within hypoxic microenvironments, and their metabolic
adaptation to this hypoxia is driven by HIF-1 transcription factor, which is overexpressed in a …

Cancer cells have a very different metabolism from that of normal cells from which they are
derived. Their metabolism is elevated, which allows them to sustain higher proliferative rate …

The most frequently mutated oncogene in cancer is KRAS, which uses alternative fourth
exons to generate two gene products (KRAS4A and KRAS4B) that differ only in their C …

Gluconeogenesis is a crucial process to support glucose homeostasis when nutritional
supply with glucose is insufficient. Because ingested carbohydrates are efficiently fermented …

Most cancer cells exhibit increased glycolysis and use this metabolic pathway for generation
of ATP as a main source of their energy supply. This phenomenon is known as the Warburg …

The first step in metabolism of glucose (Glc) is usually phosphorylation, catalyzed by
hexokinase. However, the Glc-6-P produced can then enter one or more of several …

The metabolism of Archaea, the third domain of life, resembles in its complexity those of
Bacteria and lower Eukarya. However, this metabolic complexity in Archaea is accompanied …

Glycolysis is a tightly regulated process in which several enzymes, such as Hexokinases
(HKs), play crucial roles. Cancer cells are characterized by specific expression levels of …

Cell survival has been closely linked to both trophic growth factor signaling and cellular
metabolism. Such couplings have obvious physiologic and pathophysiologic implications …

The glucokinase (GCK) gene was one of the first candidate genes to be identified as a
human “diabetes gene". Subsequently, important advances were made in understanding the …