This paper reviews the empirical methods used in the accounting literature to draw causal
inferences. Recent years have seen a burgeoning growth in the use of methods that seek to …

In this review, we challenge the idea that directors are well positioned to be effective
monitors of management. Moving beyond the logic of incentives and ability, we …

The composition of the board of directors is highly relevant to a firm's capital structure and
likelihood of financial distress. This study builds on the complementary proposals of agency …

Director stock ownership is most consistently and positively related to future corporate
performance. Public policymakers and long-term investors should find this result especially …

We examine how women on boards influence bank earnings management. Using the
likelihood of a board appointing women directors based on a Blau index of gender diversity …

We find that shareholder-friendly corporate governance is associated with higher stand-
alone and systemic risk in the banking sector. Specifically, shareholder-friendly corporate …

The exponential growth of the green bond market has generated an incipient debate in the
literature about the causes and implications for companies employing this green financing …

We examine the effects of institutional ownership on firms׳ information and trading
environments using the annual Russell 1000/2000 index reconstitution. Characteristics of …

Boards of directors have recently become more attentive to their stakeholders' concerns,
providing more transparent information and adopting more sustainable business strategies …

For a panel of US firms, we employ system GMM to estimate a dynamic model of the
relationship between firm performance and governance characteristics including board …