During the past 6 years, there have been substantial advances in our understanding of
human immunodeficiency virus 1 and other viruses, such as hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C …

The most up-to-date estimates demonstrate very heterogeneous spread of HIV-1, and more
than 30 million people are now living with HIV-1 infection, most of them in sub-Saharan …

German Advisory Committee Blood (Arbeitskreis Blut), Subgroup 'Assessment of Pathogens
Transmissible by Blood'tein, TM) are derived. In addition to the structural proteins, the HIV …

We propose that retroviruses exploit a cell-encoded pathway of intercellular vesicle traffic,
exosome exchange, for both the biogenesis of retroviral particles and a low-efficiency but …

In 1981, a new disease syndrome appeared in human populations in the United States and
elsewhere characterized by a deficiency in the immune system [1]. Patients presented with …

OBJECTIVE: Clinical and epidemiology studies have implicated depression as a risk factor
in the morbidity and mortality of many human diseases. This study sought to determine if …

Natural interferon-α producing cells (IPCs) are a newly characterized blood cell type, which
is the major source of type I interferons in antiviral innate immune responses. The …

HIV can invade cells of the central nervous system (CNS) and cause progressive combined
cognitive and motor impairment in infected individuals. The cellular basis and mechanisms …

The binding of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)(Hx10) virions to two different
cell lines was analyzed by using a novel assay based on the detection, by anti-HLA-DR …

Summary Background Since late 2019, SARS-CoV-2 infection has resulted in COVID-19
accompanied by diverse clinical manifestations. However, the underlying mechanism of how …