Purpose Sepsis remains an unresolved clinical problem with high in-hospital mortality.
Despite intensive research over decades, no treatments for sepsis have become available …

Abstract Nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (NPP1) represents the main
subtype of the NPP family of nucleotide hydrolyzing enzymes. The ecto-enzyme hydrolyzes …

Transitional B cells must actively undergo selection for self-tolerance before maturing into
their resting follicular B cell successors. We found that metabolic quiescence was acquired …

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is often associated with
chemotherapy-and radiotherapy-induced host tissue damage, leading to graft-versus-host …

Abstract The P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is an exclusive member of the purinergic receptor
family that plays a key role in tumor progression, including colorectal cancer (CRC). P2X7R …

The chronic inflammatory process underlying inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprising
Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, derives from the interplay of several components in a …

Kupffer cells, which are resident macrophages in liver, can produce various cytokines and
chemokines that induce hepatitis and liver fibrosis. It is suggested that extracellular ATP …

Metabotropic pyrimidine and purine nucleotide receptors (P2Y receptors) are expressed in
virtually all cells with implications in very diverse biological functions, including the well …

From the very dawn of biological evolution, ATP was selected as a multipurpose energy-
storing molecule. Metabolism of ATP required intracellular free Ca2+ to be set at …

Some evidence has indicated that monkeypox can induce a cytokine storm. Purinergic
signaling is a cell pathway related to the cytokine storm. However, the precise mechanisms …