Importance Alcohol-associated liver disease results in cirrhosis in approximately 10% to
20% of patients. In 2017, more than 2 million people had alcohol-associated cirrhosis in the …

Background & Aims Chronic liver disease (CLD) and cirrhosis are associated with immune
dysregulation, leading to concerns that affected patients may be at risk of adverse outcomes …

In the early decades of the 20 th century, discussions regarding alcohol were dominantly
directed toward its therapeutic uses, but authorities now state that any level of alcohol …

Background and aims The national Organ Procurement and Transplant Network (OPTN)
reported the major indication for liver transplants in 2018 was for other/unknown causes …

Aims: The harms arising from psychoactive drug use are complex, and harm reduction
strategies should be informed by a detailed understanding of the extent and nature of that …

Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) is a lipid droplet-
associated protein that has been shown to have hydrolase activity toward triglycerides and …

Alcohol use disorders (AUD) cause a range of physical harms, but the major cause of
alcohol‐related mortality is alcohol‐related liver disease (ALD), in some countries …

Background Drinking during pregnancy dropped sharply in the US in the 1980s. More recent
time trends in adult drinking and binge drinking in men, non-pregnant and pregnant women …

Abstract Background and Purpose Gut bacteria metabolize tryptophan into indoles. Intestinal
levels of the tryptophan metabolite indole‐3‐acetic acid are reduced in patients with alcohol …

Overconsumption of alcohol could lead to severe liver injury that connects with oxidative
stress, apoptosis, and inflammatory response. Previously, we proved that p-coumaric acid …