Current therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS) reduce both relapses and relapse-associated
worsening of disability, which is assumed to be mainly associated with transient infiltration of …

B cells represent a relatively minor cell population within both the healthy and diseased
central nervous system (CNS), yet they can have profound effects. This is emphasized in …

B cells are essential components of the adaptive immune system and have important roles
in the pathogenesis of several central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Besides producing …

Cytokines and chemokines are proteins that coordinate the immune response throughout
the body. The dysregulation of cytokines and chemokines is a central feature in the …

Autoimmune encephalitis is one of the most rapidly growing research topics in neurology.
Along with discoveries of novel antibodies associated with the disease, clinical experience …

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a highly prevalent, morbid inflammatory skin disease with
limited treatment options. The major cell types and inflammatory pathways in skin of patients …

Background Cytokines play multiple roles during neuro-inflammatory processes and several
cytokines have been studied in the context of specific diseases. This study provides a …

In autoimmune neurologic disorders, the blood–brain barrier (BBB) plays a central role in
immunopathogenesis, since this vascular interface is an entry path for cells and effector …

Our pathophysiological concept of the most common central nervous system demyelinating
disease, multiple sclerosis, strikingly evolved by recent discoveries suggesting that B …

B cells and antibodies account for the most prominent immunodiagnostic feature in patients
with multiple sclerosis (MS), namely oligoclonal bands. Furthermore, evidence is …