The airway epithelium comprises of different cell types and acts as a physical barrier
preventing pathogens, including inhaled particles and microbes, from entering the lungs …

Airway inflammation, driven by different types of inflammatory cells and mediators, plays a
fundamental role in COPD and its progression. Neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages, and …

Pathogenesis exploration and timely intervention of lung injury is quite necessary as it has
harmed human health worldwide for years. Ficolin B (Fcn B) is a recognition molecule that …

The innate immune response is the main pathophysiological process of ocular surface
diseases exposed to multiple environmental stresses. The epithelium is central to the innate …

Autophagy is the key process by which the cell degrades parts of itself within the lysosomes.
It maintains cell survival and homeostasis by removing molecules (particularly proteins) …

Chronic pulmonary diseases such as asthma, COPD, and Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis are
significant causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Currently, there is no radical …

During the first waves of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, olfactory …

Insights into how biological systems respond to high-and low-dose acute environmental
stressors are a fundamental aspect of exposome research. However, studying the impact of …

(1) The role of the immune response in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
(IPF) remains controversial. We hypothesized that peripheral blood immune phenotypes will …

The loss of smell (anosmia) related to SARS-CoV-2 infection is one of the most common
symptoms of COVID-19. Olfaction starts in the olfactory epithelium mainly composed of …