Endothelial cells (ECs) are more than inert blood vessel lining material. Instead, they are
active players in the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis) both in health and (life …

Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) in eukaryotic cells play important roles in the
regulation of functionalities of the proteome and in the tempo-spatial control of cellular …

A host of novel renal biomarkers have been developed over the past few decades which
have enhanced monitoring of renal disease and drug-induced kidney injury in both …

Abstract l-Arginine is a semi essential amino acid synthesised from glutamine, glutamate
and proline via the intestinal-renal axis in humans and most mammals. l-Arginine …

Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Western society. Despite
improved insight into disease pathogenesis and therapeutic options, additional treatment …

Triptolide (TP), the main active ingredient of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F., has great
potential in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. However, it has been found that the side …

Background/Aim Migraine is a risk factor for the formation of silent brain white matter lesions
(WMLs) that are possibly ischemic in nature. Although dysfunction of the L-arginine/nitric …

One of the major side effects of cyclophosphamide (CPX)—an alkylating anticancer drug
that is still clinically used—is urotoxicity with hemorrhagic cystitis. The present study was …

Circulating symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) is increased in patients with chronic kidney
disease. SDMA is considered an inert metabolite, but because it can transported into cells …

Calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity, especially for the widely used tacrolimus, has become a
major concern in post‐transplant immunosuppression. Multiparametric amino acid …