Agricultural soils are under threat of toxic metal/metalloid contamination from anthropogenic
activities, leading to excessive accumulation of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and …

Manganese (Mn) is an important micronutrient for plant growth and development and
sustains metabolic roles within different plant cell compartments. The metal is an essential …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) are produced in all aerobic life forms
under both physiological and adverse conditions. Unregulated ROS/NO generation causes …

Calcium is an essential element needed for growth and development of plants under both
non-stressed and stress conditions. It thereby fulfills a dual function, being not only an …

Plants take up a wide range of trace metals/metalloids (hereinafter referred to as trace
metals) from the soil, some of which are essential but become toxic at high concentrations …

Adverse variations of abiotic environmental cues that deviate from an optimal range impose
stresses to plants. Abiotic stresses severely impede plant physiology and development …

Calcium (Ca 2+) serves as an essential nutrient as well as a signaling agent in all
eukaryotes. In plants, calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) are a unique group of Ca 2+ …

Modern agriculture relies on mineral fertilization. Unlike other major macronutrients,
potassium (K+) is not incorporated into organic matter but remains as soluble ion in the cell …

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are at the heart of many cellular signaling events.
Apart from a single regulatory PTM, there are also PTMs that function in orchestrated …

Both plants and humans require mineral elements for their healthy growth and development.
Mineral elements in the soil are taken up by the plant roots and transported to the edible …