BACKGROUND Uterine natural killer cells (uNK) are the most abundant lymphocytes found
in the decidua during implantation and in first trimester pregnancy. They are important for …

Implantation is a critical step in human reproduction. The success of this step is dependent
on a competent blastocyst, receptive endometrium, and successful cross talk between the …

STUDY QUESTION How should recurrent implantation failure (RIF) in patients undergoing
ART be defined and managed? SUMMARY ANSWER This is the first ESHRE good practice …

Uterine natural killer (uNK) cells are an immune subset located in the uterus. uNK cells have
distinct tissue-specific characteristics compared to their counterparts in peripheral blood and …

Uterine natural killer (uNK) cells constitute a unique uterine leucocyte subpopulation
facilitating implantation and maintaining pregnancy. Herein, we critically analyze current …

Extracellular vesicles derived from trophoblasts (T-EVs) play an important role in pregnancy,
but the mechanism is not entirely clear. In this study, we found that HLA-E, which is mostly …

Background Extravillous trophoblast cell (EVT) differentiation and its communication with
maternal decidua especially the leading immune cell type natural killer (NK) cell are critical …

Embryo implantation failure and spontaneous abortions represent the main causes of
infertility in developed countries. Unfortunately, incomplete knowledge of the multiple factors …

In brief Immune dysfunction may contribute to or cause recurrent implantation failure. This
article summarizes normal and pathologic immune responses at implantation and critically …

The role of decidual natural killer (dNK) cells in maintaining immune tolerance at the
maternal‐fetal interface during pregnancy is a significant topic in reproductive health …