Atrial septal defects (ASDs) represent the most common congenital heart defect diagnosed
in adulthood. Although considered a simple defect, challenges in optimal diagnostic and …

Force. The finalized document is approved by the CPG for publication in the European Heart
Journal. The Guidelines were developed after careful consideration of the scientific and …

Objective Despite the establishment of transcatheter closure as the treatment of choice in
adults with secundum atrial septal defects (ASDs), the effectiveness of this approach in the …

Introduction Severe pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) associated with atrial septal
defect (ASD) poses a challenge to a closure of ASD, particularly severe PAH that persists …

Concomitant systemic essential hypertension (HTN) in adults with a secundum atrial septal
defect (ASD) can unfavorably affect the hemodynamics and transcatheter ASD closure …

Background A patent foramen ovale (PFO) can unload left atrial pressure via an interatrial
shunt. We investigated whether device closure of PFO is associated with a subsequent risk …

Atrial septal defect (ASD), one of the most common types of congenital heart disease, can be
diagnosed and treated early in life but frequently remains undetected until adulthood. 1 Over …

Background Atrial septal defect (ASD) closure can cause acute pulmonary edema. Before
transcatheter closure is performed, temporary balloon occlusion test (BOT) is recommended …

Introduction Careful, stepwise assessment is required in all patients with atrial septal defect
(ASD) to exclude pulmonary vascular or left ventricular (LV) disease. Fluid challenge and …

Progress towards the development and adoption of minimally invasive techniques in cardiac
surgery has been slower than that seen in other surgical specialties. Congenital heart …