Airway inflammation, driven by different types of inflammatory cells and mediators, plays a
fundamental role in COPD and its progression. Neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages, and …

Abstract Phosphodiesterase 7 (PDE7) specifically hydrolyzes cyclic adenosine
monophosphate (cAMP), a second messenger that plays essential roles in cell signaling …

Asthma is a heterogeneous, chronic respiratory disease characterized by airway
inflammation and remodeling. Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors represent one of the …

Abstract β 2-adrenoceptors agonists and phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors are effective
bronchodilators, due to their ability to increase intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels and …

Introduction The persistent inflammation that characterizes COPD and affects its natural
course also impacting on symptoms has prompted research to find molecules that can …

Introduction The treatment of uncontrolled asthma has improved because of triple therapy
that includes a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) and biological drugs, but several …

Airway remodeling is a pathological process that accompanies many chronic lung diseases.
One of the important players in this process are epithelial cells, which under the influence of …

An unreported prenylated indole derivative hydroxytakakiamide (4) was isolated, together
with the previously described ergosterol (1), ergosterol acetate (2), and (3 R)-3-(1 H-indol-3 …

The inhaled route is critical for the administration of drugs to treat patients suffering from
COPD, but there is still an unmet need for new and innovative inhalers to address some …

Phosphodiesterase enzymes (PDE) have long been known as regulators of cAMP and
cGMP, second messengers involved in various signaling pathways and expressed in a …