Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) has been suggested to have useful analgesic properties and
to be devoid of unwanted effects. Here, we have examined critically this contention, and …

This review is aimed to summarize the pain‐relieving effect of non‐drug substances, mostly
prescribed as integrators in treatment of pain, including especially in chronic postoperative …

Background: A growing body of evidence suggests that neuroinflammation, which is
characterized by infiltration of immune cells, activation of mast cells and glial cells, and …

The Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused more than 100,000,000
cases of coronavirus infection in the world in just a year, of which there were 2 million …

Background Experimental studies provide evidence for antidepressant effects of
Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) in animal models of depression. We aimed to evaluate the …

Some 30–50% of the global population and almost 20% of the European population actually
suffer from chronic pain, which presents a tremendous burden to society when this pain …

Chronic pain is an important health and social problem. Misuse and abuse of opioids in
chronic non-cancer pain management seem to be a huge problem, in some countries. This …

Objective The antinociceptive pharmacological interaction between N-
palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and morphine (MOR), as well as gabapentin (GBP), was …

A majority of older patients suffer from neuropathic pain (NP) that significantly alters their
daily activities and imposes a significant burden on health care. Multiple comorbidities and …

Tramadol, an analgesic classified as an “atypical opioid”, exhibits both opioid and non-
opioid mechanisms of action. This study aimed to explore these mechanisms, specifically …